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【英文标准名称】:MeasurementofpowerfrequencyelectricandmagneticfieldsfromACpowerlines
【原文标准名称】:交流电力线路工业频率电场和磁场的测量方法
【标准号】:IEEE644-1994
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:1994
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国电气电子工程师学会(US-IEEE)
【起草单位】:IEEE
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:交流电网;交流电流;定义;电场;电力传输线路;电学测量仪表;电气安全;电磁场强度;场强(电);磁场;测量;测量仪器;测量技术;电源频率;电力导线
【英文主题词】:ACnetwork;Alternatingcurrent;Definitions;Electricfields;Electricpowertransmissionlines;Electricalmeasuringinstruments;Electricalsafety;Fieldstrenghtlevel;Fieldstrength(electric);Magneticfields;Measurement;Measuringinstruments;Measuringtechniques;Powerfrequency;Powerlines
【摘要】:Establishesuniformproceduresforthemeasurementofpowerfrequencyelectricandmagneticfieldsformacoverheadpowerlinesandforthecalibrationofthemetersusedinthesemeasurements.
【中国标准分类号】:K04
【国际标准分类号】:17_220_20
【页数】:25P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语


【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforObjectiveQuantificationofDentalPlaqueUsingDigitalStillCameras
【原文标准名称】:用数码相机将牙菌斑客观量化的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTME2670-2009
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2009
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E12.06
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:digitalcamera;digitalcolorimetry;DSC;plaque;teeth
【摘要】:ThelightreflectedfromtheteethandemittedfromtheplaqueontheteethiscapturedbyaDSC.Digitaldataextractedfromtheimagescanbeusedtodiscriminateandclassifypixels.Monitoredovertime,changesinplaquecoveragecanbeobserved.Anexampleisaclinicalstudyoftheefficacyoftoothbrushestoremovedentalplaque.Assessingthequantityandcoverageofdentalplaqueonteethcanbeusedtooptimizethedesignofproductsandproceduresintendedtoreducedentalplaquecoverage.Clinicalassessment,forexample,themodifiedTureskyPlaqueIndex,,isasubjective,non-linear,integerbasedscalethatmayrequireextensiveexaminertrainingandrecertification.Themethoddescribedhereprovidesincreasedprecision,repeatability,andreproducibilityincomparisontoothermethods.Thisprocedureissuitableforuseinresearchanddevelopment,marketingclaimsandadvertising,comparativeproductanalysis,andclinicaltrials.1.1Thismethodcoverstheprocedure,instrumentalrequirements,standardizationprocedures,materialstandards,measurementprocedures,andparametersnecessarytomakeprecisemeasurementsofdentalplaqueontheteethrevealedbyfluorescence.Inparticularitismeanttomeasuretheamountofplaqueandplaquecoverageonhumanteeth.1.2Digitalimagesareusedtomeasurethecoverageofdentalplaqueontheteethusingdiscriminationanalysis.Alllocalizeddiscoloration,suchasstains,inclusions,pigmentations,etc.,maybeseparatedfromthemeasurementandtheanalysis.Allothernon-relevantparts,suchasteeth,tongue,spaces,dentalrestorationsorprostheses,etc.,mustbeseparatedfromthemeasurementandtheanalysis.Note18212;Thisproceduremaynotbeapplicableforalltypesofdentalwork.1.3Thebroadbandreflectancefactorsoftheteethandsurroundingtissuearemeasured.Thecolorimetricmeasurementisperformedusinganilluminatorsystemthatprovidescontrolledilluminationontheteethandsurroundingtissue.ADigitalStillCamera(DSC)isusedtocapturethedigitalimage.1.4Dataacquiredusingthismethodmaybeusedtoassesspersonalplaquecoverageforthepurposesofidentifyingoverallhealthstatus,healthstatusatspecificsitesinthemouth,ortotrackchangesinpersonalhealthstatusforindividualsovertime.Pooleddatamaybeusedtoassessplaquecoverage,health,diseaseamongpopulationsinepidemiologicalsurveys,evaluationofcomparativeproductefficacy,orsafetyandtreatmentresponseinclinicaltrialsinvolvingplaquecoverageordisease.1.5Theapparatus,measurementprocedure,andanalysistechniquedescribedhereinaregeneric.Theintentisnottoexcludeaspecificapparatus,measurementprocedure,oranalysistechnique.1.6ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasstandard.Thevaluesinparenthesisareforinformationonly.1.7Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:C33
【国际标准分类号】:11_060_01
【页数】:11P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语